European University Institute Library

Survey scales, a guide to development, analysis, and reporting, Robert L. Johnson, Grant B. Morgan

eng

Includes bibliographical references (pages 243-254) and indexes

illustrations

index present

non fiction

Survey scales

bibliography

934677097

Robert L. Johnson, Grant B. Morgan

a guide to development, analysis, and reporting

"Synthesizing the literature from the survey and measurement fields, this book explains how to develop closed-response survey scales that will accurately capture such constructs as attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors. It provides guidelines to help applied researchers or graduate students review existing scales for possible adoption or adaptation in a study; create their own conceptual framework for a scale; write checklists, true-false variations, and Likert-style items; design response scales; examine validity and reliability; conduct a factor analysis; and document the instrument development and its technical quality. Advice is given on constructing tables and graphs to report survey scale results. Concepts and procedures are illustrated with "Not This/But This" examples from multiple disciplines. Pedagogical Features: *End-of-chapter exercises with sample solutions, plus annotated suggestions for further reading. *"Not This/But This" examples of poorly written and strong survey items. *Chapter-opening overviews and within-chapter summaries. *Glossary of key concepts. *Appendix with examples of parametric and nonparametric procedures for group comparisons"--, Provided by publisher"Subject Areas/Keywords: assessment, design, instruments, item response scales, Likert scales, measurement, methodology, psychometrics, quantitative, research methods, scale development, survey scales, testing DESCRIPTION Synthesizing the literature from the survey and measurement fields, this book explains how to develop closed-response survey scales that will accurately capture such constructs as attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors. It provides guidelines to help applied researchers or graduate students review existing scales for possible adoption or adaptation in a study; create their own conceptual framework for a scale; write checklists, true-false variations, and Likert-style items; design response scales; examine validity and reliability; conduct a factor analysis; and document the instrument development and its technical quality. Advice is given on constructing tables and graphs to report survey scale results. Concepts and procedures are illustrated with "Not This/But This" examples from multiple disciplines"--, Provided by publisher

1. Scales in Surveys -- Introduction -- An Overview of the Survey Scale Development Process -- Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behaviors -- Key Qualities of a Survey Scale: Reliability and Validity -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 2. Adopting or Adapting an Existing Scale -- Introduction -- Reviewing Potential Instruments for Adoption or Adaptation -- The Mental Measurements Yearbook: A Source for Reviews of Instruments -- Plagiarism and Copyright Infringement -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 3. Establishing a Framework for the Development of a Survey Scale -- Introduction -- Elements and Format -- Functions of the Conceptual Framework in the Development of a Survey Scale -- Construction of a Conceptual Framework -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 4. Item-Writing Guidelines -- Introduction -- Addressing Relevance -- Addressing Audience -- Addressing Language -- Addressing Item Structure -- Addressing Conventions -- Guidelines Specific to Item Type -- Number of Items -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 5. Development of Response Scales -- Introduction -- Length of the Item Response Scale -- Numeric and Verbal Response Labels -- The Questionable Middle Position -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 6. Formatting and Reviewing -- Introduction -- Survey Format and Administration Method -- Item Formats Specific to Administration Methods -- Complete Reviews and a Pilot of the Survey Scale -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 7. Analysis of Survey Scale Data -- Introduction -- Levels of Measurement -- Frequencies -- Measures of Central Tendency -- Measures of Variability -- Measures of Association -- Obtaining Descriptive Statistics -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 8. Investigating Scale Quality -- Introduction -- Field Testing -- Response Distributions: Item Quality -- Investigating Reliability -- Investigating Validity -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 9. Factor Analysis -- Introduction -- General Purposes and Processes Associated with Factor-Analytic Procedures -- Testing Assumptions -- Dimensionality -- Extraction: Principal Axis Factoring -- Determining the Number of Factors (Model Selection) -- Rotation -- How to Interpret Factor Solutions -- Calculating Factor Scores -- Sample Size -- Steps after EFA -- How to Obtain an EFA Model -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- 10. Documenting the Development of the Survey Scale -- Introduction -- Determining the Need for a Data Display -- Developing Tables -- Table Structure -- Table Data -- Developing Graphs -- Structure of a Graph -- Organization of Data in a Graph -- Narrative about Table or Graph -- Concluding Thoughts -- Further Reading -- Chapter Exercises -- Appendix. Analysis of Data: Inferential Statistics -- Introduction -- Sampling -- Inferential Statistics -- Inferential Procedures -- Nonparametric Inferential Statistics -- Further Reading -- Appendix Exercises -- Sample Solutions to Chapter Exercises -- Glossary of Key Terms -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index -- About the Authors